Khaberni - Dr. Medina Osman, a hair and beauty specialist, indicates that dandruff rarely appears for the same reason in everyone, which significantly varies the composition and mechanisms of its treatment.
According to the doctor, some may experience dandruff due to dry skin, while others may suffer due to increased oil secretion and microbial activity. There isn't one solution that fits everyone, hence the components and functions of shampoos vary depending on the type of scalp and the cause of dandruff. This means a product may be effective for one person, but ineffective for another due to the different causes of dandruff and difficulty in eliminating it for some.
The expert points out that the appearance of dandruff is often linked to the activity of the fungus Malassezia, which is found on the scalp of most people. Typically, dandruff does not cause discomfort, but when oil secretion changes or the natural protective functions of the skin weaken, the fungus begins to proliferate noticeably, leading to irritation, itching, and flaking. Sometimes the cause is dry skin, harsh cleaning, or frequent use of heat styling tools. In these cases, the dandruff appears as fine, light-colored dust, accompanied by an uncomfortable feeling. Therefore, it is essential to identify the cause of dandruff before choosing any product.
Dr. Osman explains that the formulation of dandruff shampoo directly determines its effectiveness. These products often contain antifungal ingredients such as ketoconazole, miconazole, or zinc pyrithione, which work to inhibit the activity of microorganisms and reduce flaking and itching.
The doctor recommends using shampoo that contains salicylic acid to exfoliate dead skin cells, cleans the scalp, and improves the absorption of active ingredients. Shampoo formulations for oily skin may contain ingredients that regulate oil secretion, such as niacinamide, which helps control oil production. In mild cases, formulations focus on moisturizing and softening the scalp, using panthenol, allantoin, plant extracts, and moisturizing components to soothe the scalp and support its protective barrier.
