Khaberni - Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common digestive disorders, with millions of people around the world suffering from symptoms ranging from abdominal pain and bloating to bowel movement disorders.
Although it is not considered a serious or life-threatening disease, it significantly affects the daily quality of life of those affected.
Recent medical reports indicate that Irritable Bowel Syndrome is not a single condition, but is divided into several types that differ in symptoms and treatments, making accurate diagnosis essential for establishing an effective treatment plan for each patient.
Types of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1- Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea (IBS-D)
This type is one of the most common forms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, where sufferers experience frequent diarrhea along with cramps, abdominal pain, and bloating.
According to a report by Health website, this type is often associated with increased bowel movement speed or a disruption of the intestinal bacterial balance.
2- Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation (IBS-C)
This type is characterized by slow bowel movements and difficulty defecating along with hard or lumpy stools.
Data from Mayo Clinic suggests that a lack of dietary fiber and hormonal changes may play a role in exacerbating its symptoms.
3- Mixed Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-M)
This type combines diarrhea and constipation alternately, and is one of the most complex types in terms of diagnosis and treatment.
According to Cleveland Clinic, identifying the type of Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a crucial step because some treatments target only specific types.
How is Irritable Bowel Syndrome Diagnosed?
There is no specific lab test for diagnosing Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and doctors rely on monitoring symptoms and medical criteria such as “Rome criteria”, in addition to ruling out more serious diseases like inflammatory bowel disease or colon cancer.
Source: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Possible Causes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Medical studies suggest that Irritable Bowel Syndrome may be linked to several factors, including:
Disruption of the brain-gut axis.
Changes in the digestive system bacteria.
Sensitivity to certain foods.
Stress and anxiety.
Official health bodies such as the British National Health Service (NHS) confirm that Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a chronic functional disorder that usually does not lead to permanent damage to the intestines or increase the risk of colon cancer, but it can persist for long periods and requires ongoing management of symptoms.
Why is Irritable Bowel Syndrome a Global Health Issue?
Gastrointestinal experts see Irritable Bowel Syndrome as a global health challenge due to its widespread prevalence and impact on productivity and quality of life.
Additionally, the variation in its types and causes makes treatment personalized and dependent on lifestyle, diet, psychological support, and medication.
Specialists advise consulting a doctor if symptoms persist to determine the type of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and establish an appropriate treatment plan.
