Khaberni - The German Migraine and Headache Association stated that migraine is a brain disorder that manifests as recurrent headache attacks, often - but not always - on one side of the head.
The association explained that the pain is described as mild and pressing, and during physical exertion, these attacks are described as sharp or throbbing.
Associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, heightened sensitivity to light, sound, and odors, and sufferers also feel a pressing need for rest. Typically, symptoms last from several hours to three days at most.
Women are three times more likely than men to suffer from migraines, and migraine attacks most commonly occur between the ages of 20 and 30, with symptoms becoming more prominent between the ages of 40 and 50.
Factors that trigger attacks
The association pointed out the following factors that trigger migraine attacks:
• Lack of sleep
• Skipping meals
• Insufficient fluid intake
• Psychological stress
What is a migraine aura?
The association noted that about 15% to 25% of patients experience what is known as an aura before the onset of a migraine attack, with symptoms including:
• Visual disturbances accompanied by flashing lights.
• Defects in the field of vision (parts of the field of vision missing or unclear).
• Sensory disturbances on one side of the body.
• Difficulty speaking.
Treatment options
A migraine attack can be treated with common pain relievers along with anti-nausea medications, and there are also prescription medications such as "triptans", knowing that all medications work best when taken at the onset of an attack.
Medications should not be taken for long periods or frequently, as this may worsen migraines and increase their frequency. The German Association recommends a maximum of 10 to 15 days per month.
Endurance sports (such as walking, swimming, and cycling) and muscle relaxation techniques also have positive effects on migraines.
