Khaberni - Eyes constantly turn to the gold market after its price exceeded record numbers, surpassing the $4,300 per ounce barrier.
On a national level, China is considered the largest global producer of gold in 2024, with its share about 10% of total global production at 380.2 tons, followed by Russia with 330 tons, according to the World Gold Council.
On the other hand, there are Arab countries that are prominent in the production of gold... So who are they?
1- Sudan
Today, Sudan is the leading Arab producer of gold, with mining operations concentrated in the Nile River, the North, and the Red Sea states, which form the backbone of the precious metal production in the country.
According to a report titled "Gold and the war in Sudan" prepared by Chatham House, the gold trade is closely linked to the ongoing conflict in Sudan, and it has been one of the most important sources of war financing since the outbreak in 2023.
According to the previous report, Sudan’s official gold production steadily exceeded 80 tons annually before the war, but it drastically fell in the early stages to about two tons between April and August 2023, after 5 months of war, then it rose again to 73.8 tons in 2024 according to the World Gold Council data.
The Sudanese Mining Resources Company announced that the country's gold production reached 37.3 tons during the first half of 2025, marking a notable increase compared to recent years, despite the ongoing war and its economic and social repercussions.
The production is primarily concentrated in the Nile River, the North and the Red Sea states, while new company offices are currently being opened in South Kordofan, bringing the number of gold-producing states to 7, although this number is still less than before the war when gold production took place in 14 states according to DIVAN Centre.
Reports issued by the International Institute for Political Studies (ISPI) and Chatham House indicate that a large part of the production is not officially recorded due to smuggling and unorganized mining, making the official figures less than the actual reality.
2- Mauritania
Mauritania produced 21.9 tons of gold in 2024, according to the World Gold Council.
The Tasiast Gold Mine is one of the largest gold mines in Africa, with reserves exceeding 220 tons. A Canadian company obtained an exploitation license from the Mauritanian government in 2007, according to a previous report by Al Jazeera Net.
3- Egypt
Gold deposits are widespread in the vast Eastern Desert of Egypt, which has been a major center for mining activities since ancient times due to its richness in precious metals, and is part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield that extends across Northeast Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, one of the richest gold-bearing regions in the world.
Sukari Mine is the largest and most important gold mine in Egypt, covering an area of about 160 square kilometers in Egypt's Eastern Desert, with modern mining operations beginning in 2009, while commercial production started in April 2010, making the mine a cornerstone of the Egyptian gold industry.
In 2023, Sukari Mine produced about 450,000 and 58 ounces of gold (about 14 tons) before it was fully acquired by Anglo Gold Ashanti in November 2024 after they announced the acquisition of the previous owner company, Centamin, in a deal worth $2.5 billion, granting Anglo Gold full control over Sukari Mine, one of the largest and richest gold mines in the world, according to Reuters.
AngloGold Ashanti Limited is one of the world's largest gold mining companies, with a wide presence and exploration activities in 10 countries across 4 continents, with its headquarters in South Africa.
4- Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia has a large reserve of underground gold, estimated at about 323.7 tons according to the Saudi Press Agency.
Gold production in the kingdom has seen consecutive increases since the launch of Vision 2030, which focused on developing the mining sector, and this sector is expected to experience even greater growth in the coming years, especially after several mining reserve sites are designated for exploration based on geological studies in the kingdom.
There are 6 gold mines in Saudi Arabia with total production in 2020 amounting to approximately 434,845 ounces (about 13.5 metric tons), with prominent mines including the Al-Duwayhi mine in Mecca and the Mahd Al-Dhahab mine in Medina.
According to a report by Mining-Technology based on data from Global Data, Saudi Arabia was ranked as the 27th global producer in 2023, and production is expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate of 6% between 2023 and 2027.
5- Morocco
Morocco took a decisive step toward joining the list of major gold producers in Africa, after confirming the presence of high-quality deposits in the city of "Guelmim" in the southern part of the country.
OLAH Palace Trading announced this significant discovery, after identifying 34 quartz veins containing gold concentrations up to 30 grams per ton, which are classified among the excellent worldwide levels according to international standards as mentioned by Energy Circle.
Initial estimates suggest that the mine's reserves range between 3 and 5 million ounces of gold, potentially reshaping the mining industry map in Morocco and enhancing its position in the growing African resource market.
Before this discovery, gold production for decades was limited to a small mine in the "Tiouit" region of "Tinghir".
According to data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 2023 - reported by Energy Circle - Morocco's gold exports amounted to about $27.7 million, a modest value compared to leading African countries like Ghana and South Africa.
The current annual production is just over 100 kilograms, representing a marginal percentage of the regional production according to the previous source.
Meanwhile, CEIC Data reported that Morocco's gold production reached 140 kilograms in 2022.
6- Algeria
Algeria's gold production reached 100 kilograms in 2023, according to the Global Economy platform. Generally, Algeria's annual gold production averaged about 250 kilograms from 2001 to 2022, according to CEIC Data.
Algeria's gold reserves stood at 173.56 tons in the second quarter of 2025 according to the Trading Economics platform.
